Adam Smith
1723–1790, Scotland (the Scottish Enlightenment: Kirkcaldy, Glasgow, Edinburgh)
Wildfire Smoke, Flooded Streets, and the Real Cost of a World Cup Final
When thunderstorms are asked to save a spectacle, we glimpse how readily modern societies count ticket revenue in full and the lungs of the poor at a discount.
The scene is easily imagined, even from my great distance in time: a famous match scheduled for Sunday, the air on Saturday choked with smoke from distant fires, and meteorologists promising that thunderstorms will sweep the miasma from the sky just in time for the final. To some, nature seems obligingly to play stagehand to commerce. Yet the same storms that clear the view threaten flash floods, and the same smoke that lifts from the stadium lingers in the surrounding country. The benefit is vivid and concentrated, the harm diffuse and obscure; and wherever this is the case, the impartial spectator must look twice at the ledger before applauding the balance.
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