Adam Smith
1723–1790, Scotland (the Scottish Enlightenment: Kirkcaldy, Glasgow, Edinburgh)
Punishment Many Times Over, Prosperity Many Times Undone
A sovereign may rightly avenge fallen soldiers, yet a doctrine of endless reprisal near the world’s sea-lanes threatens to cost the living far more than it can ever reclaim for the dead.
Two young soldiers, scarcely entered upon adult life, are killed in a strike upon a base in Jordan; another dies in the dangerous work of disarming an enemy’s device in Iraq. Their names are read out by their own government, their ages recorded, their photographs doubtless circulated. In answer, that government has launched night after night of attacks within Iran, with explosions reported near a northern city and at several ports upon the Gulf and south-eastern coast. Over all this, a single principle is announced: that each time a soldier is killed, the foreign power deemed responsible shall pay many times over. It is a terrible arithmetic, and, like most bad accounts, it does not balance.
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