Adam Smith
1723–1790, Scotland (the Scottish Enlightenment: Kirkcaldy, Glasgow, Edinburgh)
Memorials, Power, and the Proper Business of the State
A national memorial can refine a nation’s conscience or flatter its rulers’ vanity; the same stones serve either purpose, and only moral discipline decides which.
That a field in Pennsylvania, a scarred riverfront in New York, and the grounds of a war office in Virginia should become places of national pilgrimage, will surprise no one who has attended to human nature. We erect monuments not to instruct the dead but to steady the living. The recent decision to mark the Pentagon memorial as an affiliated area of the national park system is therefore a serious act. It does not add one bench, one name, or one drop of water; it adds, instead, a public acknowledgment that this place belongs to the whole people, and not merely to the department whose walls were struck.
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